Glossary

CRS

Coordinate Reference System — a coordinate-based system used to locate geographical entities. A CRS defines how the two-dimensional projected map or three-dimensional space relates to real places on the Earth.

DGGS

Discrete Global Grid System — a spatial reference system that uses a hierarchical tessellation of cells to partition and address the entire globe. DGGS are characterised by equal-area cells at each resolution level and provide a framework for multi-resolution geospatial analysis.

EPSG

European Petroleum Survey Group — a scientific organisation that maintains a widely-used geodetic parameter dataset. EPSG codes are numeric identifiers for coordinate reference systems.

GeoJSON

A format for encoding a variety of geographic data structures using JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). GeoJSON supports geometry types including Point, LineString, Polygon, and multi-part collections.

ISO

International Organization for Standardization — an independent, non-governmental international organisation that develops voluntary consensus-based standards.

OGC

Open Geospatial Consortium — an international consortium of companies, government agencies, research organisations, and universities collaborating to develop open standards for geospatial content and services.

OGC API

Open Geospatial Consortium Application Programming Interface — a family of standards being developed by the OGC that define modular, resource-oriented API building blocks for geospatial data access, processing, and visualisation on the web.

REST

Representational State Transfer — an architectural style for distributed hypermedia systems that defines a set of constraints for creating web services.

WKT

Well-Known Text — a text markup language for representing vector geometry objects and coordinate reference systems.